Upper Premolars & Molars
Upper Premolars and Molars:
Upper Premolars:- Location: Found in the upper jaw, between the canines and molars.
- Number: Typically 2 per quadrant (total of 8 in the upper arch).
- Function:
- Primarily designed for tearing and crushing food.
- Have a broader occlusal surface compared to canines.
- Anatomy:
- Two cusps (bicuspid) on the upper premolars.
- A central fissure and various grooves for effective food breakdown.
- Location: Located at the back of the upper jaw, following the premolars.
- Number: Typically 3 per quadrant (total of 12 in the upper arch), with the third molars being commonly referred to as wisdom teeth.
- Function:
- Primarily used for grinding and chewing food due to their large surface area.
- Anatomy:
- Generally have three or more cusps (tricuspid or more) with a complex occlusal surface.
- Features include multiple grooves, pits, and fissures to enhance grinding efficiency.
- Common Issues:
- Caries (cavities) are prevalent in both premolars and molars due to their grooves and pits.
- Periodontal disease can affect the health of supporting tissues.
- Treatment:
- Restorative procedures (fillings, crowns) are common for decay.
- Endodontic treatment may be necessary if the pulp becomes infected, especially in molars.
- Both premolars and molars are essential landmarks in dental radiographs for diagnosis and treatment planning.
